The convergence of these fields has led to , which treats animals as whole beings.

Animal behavior plays a critical role in veterinary science, as it influences an animal's response to medical procedures, treatment outcomes, and overall well-being. Behavioral observations can help veterinarians diagnose and manage medical conditions, such as pain, anxiety, and stress. For instance, changes in an animal's behavior, such as decreased appetite or altered elimination patterns, can be indicative of underlying medical issues.